Dialectic is a form of debate, where ideas are subject to discussion and opposition, with the goal of bringing a reasoning more clear about a theme.
Also known as the art of the word, came to be the way of dialog for demonstration of theses argumentative able to clarify the different concepts under discussion.
Many consider the philosopher Socrates as the founder of the Dialectic, but Aristotle was considered the philosopher Zeno of lake garda as its founder.
It was through the philosopher Hegel, that the dialectic came to be more known, especially for his method of application of the thesis, antithesis and synthesis.
Origin of the Dialectic
The dialectic has its origin in the Greek word dialektiké, that is to say, the art of dialogue, of debate, the art of persuading and reasoning.
In general, the dialectic consists in presenting a position and then contradict it, method very used by the greeks to share ideas and facilitate discussion of various topics.
In the field of philosophy the dialectic is very dominant, being the method widely discussed by various philosophers throughout history such as Aristotle, Socrates, Hegel, Plato, Marx, among others. Some of them classified the dialectic as a philosophy in itself, since it generates discussion about a variety of topics looking for various ways to discuss it.
The dialectic in philosophy can be defined as a way to achieve responses through the opposition and at the same time of the reorganisation of ideas.
The dialectic of Plato
In this way the dialectic would help in the main goal of philosophy according to Plato, that is to achieve true knowledge, as Plato defined it as being an excellent method of approaching the ideas singular of a plural world and to bring movement to the stillness, classified by him as the art of questioning and responding.
Hegelian Dialectic
The philosopher Hegel classifies the dialectic as a philosophical system, where the idea has movement to the point of counter-balance and at a certain moment come back in a more elaborated form the starting point.
According to Hegel, human history and the dialectic have much in common, since it consists basically of three stages: THESIS, ANTITHESIS and SYNTHESIS.
The THESIS would be the idea presented, the ANTITHESIS would be your movement on the opposed of the idea and the SYNTHESIS would be the movement completion from the two initial phases of making the idea more consistently.
Dialectic Marxist
Despite the proximity of the dialectic thought of Hegel, and other thinkers also helped appraises it. Karl Marx redefined some concepts of the dialectic, with the goal of bringing the thought to the reality of society and marxist theory, Marx was working in the context of the class struggle and of the contradictions imposed by the materialism in the dialectical, marxist.
The dialectic of Socrates
Socrates applied the concept of dialectics in two phases, the first being the irony, where he argued in an ironic way given idea, exposing their flaws, and in the second phase called for it’s maieutic acted so as to “give birth” to the ideas from the initial concepts generated from the irony generating a thought that is more consistent in the dialectic.
The dialectic of Aristotle
In the case of Aristotle’s dialectics was defined from the point of view logical and rational, of what is probable and acceptable by all. The theory of Aristotle about dialectic was later followed by the philosopher Immanuel Kant, who described the dialectic as a method of logic of appearance, since it is based on elements subjective and even illusory.
Dialectic Erística
The dialectic erística arises from the work of Arthur Schopenhauer, with the title “How to win a debate without having to be right”, which brings out schemes of how to convince others in the debate using the methods of the dialectic, without the need to have reason in what is being discussed, moving away from the theory of Marx and to the thinking of Hegel.
Dialética da Malandragem
The Dialectic of Love was a trial of the literary critic Antônio Cândido, about the book ‘Memoirs of a Sergeant of Militia’, where the same makes an analysis of what would be the first rogue in brazilian literature, depicting as already in the NINETEENTH century there was a culture of trickery in the brazilian society.
Dialectic Vinicius de Moraes
The poet Vinicius de Moraes wrote the poem “Dialectics”, where he demonstrates clearly the nature of the dialectic, bringing the feeling of joy of life and at the same time its opposition surrendering to a sad reality.
The dialectic of Vinícius de Moraes
Of course, life is good
And joy, the only unspeakable emotion
Of course I find you beautiful
In thee I bless the love of the simple things
Of course, that I love you
And I have everything to be happy
But it happens that I am sad..
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